Thousands of languages are spoken on this planet, but scientists predict that only a few hundred of these will survive in the long run. Why do smaller languages die? Can smaller languages be saved? Or would it just be for the best if we all just started to speak English? In this course, you are taught about the general typological traits of minority languages and their speech communities. The course helps students understand which social and political factors prevent a language from dying, and how you can make sound predictions about the vitality of a language. Through a number of case studies from Europe and beyond, interactive classes are taught which focus on developing a broad theoretical foundation combined with teaching them practical skills about language revitalisation. This is a 2 x 5 ECTS course.

This course lays the foundation for the cultural-historical part of the BA-programme, introducing students to theories and concepts on minorities, identity formation and nationalism. The course examines how nationalism and state formation have resulted in the emergence of many subnational minorities in modern Europe. Sketching their cultural history, particular attention is paid to the way in which these minorities deal with origin, tradition, and history: how they construct their identity in relation to the dominant majority. In addition, students learn how new minorities have emerged as a consequence of migration. Taking a comparative perspective, this course analyses similarities and differences between these localised and migrant minorities.

This course introduces you to linguistics, the study of language. The course addresses questions such as, what is specific about human language as opposed to the communication systems employed by animals? What can we learn about how we create personal and social relationships, through the study of language? This introduction to linguistics furthermore offers students insight into the various subfields of linguistics: phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics, as well as linguistic ecologies, language contact and change, and writing systems. By conducting their own linguistic analyses, students learn to apply their knowledge in topical case studies. This is a 2 x 5 ECTS course.

The consequences of multilingualism for individuals and society are at the core of this course. Students learn about language acquisition, the cognitive effects of knowing and using more than one language, and approaches to multilingualism in the family context and in education.

Issues of language policies and language planning at formal and informal levels are also addressed, and how this influences individuals and communities. Students acquire background knowledge and skills that are invaluable for educators, policy makers, language professionals, language scientists, and even forensic investigators. This is a 2 x 5 ECTS course.

Post 1989 developments of globalisation and migration have an enormous impact on the lives of localised and immigrant minorities, especially in Europe, but also elsewhere in the world. This course offers a political and sociological top-down-approach to this process in the first half of the course, and has an anthropological bottom-up-perspective in the second. Students learn how European and other countries have dealt with problems of immigration and integration, while at the same time celebrating cultural and linguistic diversity. They are invited to think critically about identity construction and the political management of cultural differences in an era of globalisation.

This course considers general scientific methods and techniques that are relevant in multidisciplinary research within the field of minorities and multilingualism. In the first, qualitative block, students are instructed on critical concepts and methods they need to successfully complete the research component of the programme. The focus in this block is on a key concept in qualitative research, which is participant observation.

The second part of the course will concern itself with (socio)linguistic research. Students learn to apply quantitative methods, including what to keep in mind when designing a quantitative study and how to analyze the data using basic statistics such as t-tests and correlations. Next to a final exam, students are assessed by weekly assignments, a presentation, and a research project they work on in a group. This is a 2x5ECTS course (280 hours of study).

This course surveys how the disadvantaged position minorities find themselves in are reflected in literature, film and other art forms. Students look at minority representation, as well as the possibilities for self-representation by minority authors, filmmakers and artists. Key concepts are identity formation, recognition and inclusion. Students will study and come to understand how these notions are connected with language, canonization and nationalism. This course maps and analyses these concepts through a combination of theory from literary, cultural, gender and postcolonial studies and case studies. The course is assessed through various written and oral assignments. The final assignment asks of the students to translate their ideas to a wider, non-academic audience and engage in their own minority representation by way of a photo essay. This is a 2 x 5 ECTS course (280 hours of study).

Cultural heritage often has been used to impose a dominant culture on minority groups, but has increasingly become a means for minorities to present, safeguard and sometimes even strengthen their traditions and identity as well. The course consists of a theoretical approach to the field of heritage studies with a focus on national heritage, heritage and minorities, different forms of heritage, the powers that shape our understanding of cultural legacy and heritage tourism. The northern parts of the Netherlands function as a local laboratory, as the students visit some cultural heritage sites to discuss the theoretical notions. Finally, the students apply their research skills and theoretical knowledge by conducting fieldwork based on one of the themes discussed in the theoretical part or related to one of the sites visited.

Into the Local Laboratory offers a practical lecture-seminar learning environment in which students will be introduced to the study of language in multilingual situations as encountered in the Northern provinces in the Netherlands. The lecture portion of this module will introduce students to the practice of socio- and psycholinguistic research and methodological debates within the field. Students will also be given the possibility to visit and study language labs, multilingual schools, nursery homes, and the multilingual streets of the North of the Netherlands. During this course, the knowledge acquired from Research Methodology (LHF034B05) will be put into practice. Students will draw up a research design and examine and use methods and techniques in the field to critically and systematically evaluate beliefs, ideas, and data related to issues in multilingualism. The main aim of this course is to provide students with practical experience in applied research methods and skills that are transferable across a wide range of (research) careers.

This course will introduce students to the multidisciplinary topic of diversity in education, both in theory and as an empirical reality. The course does so from a cross-national perspective.
Alongside academic reflection on diversity in education as an object of study, using concepts, theories and notions from the field of educational studies and other relevant fields, we will look for ways to apply this knowledge in a practical manner to contemporary issues that may be relevant a variety of educational settings. The focus is on linguistic and cultural diversity, as well as on the interplay of both.
Lectures on a selection of topics provide an overview of the latest theories and empirical results on the focal aspects of the field.

This course introduces third year students in the M&M programme to the concept and associated techniques of diversity management. The focus is on linguistic and cultural diversity, as well as on the interplay of both in diversity management and intercultural communication, taking into account socio-economic considerations and relations of power. Throughout the course, we will explore examples of diversity management and how intercultural communication may take place in practice. These will include different types of workplace and various organisational situations.

In the first block of this course you are introduced to the fields of intersectionality and superdiversity, with a particular focus on how ethnolinguistic minority identities may intersect with other identities, such as racial identities, class identities or LGBTQIA+ identities. We will discuss histories of separate minority identities, as well as theories and histories of intersectionality and superdiversity. Theories and histories are taught in conjunction, because social circumstances, social movements, and theory often feed into each other. The knowledge acquired in the first block is assessed by way of an exam
In the second block, you are asked to utilise your knowledge of intersectionality and superdiversity to analyse patterns of inclusion and exclusion both of and within ethnolinguistic minority communities, relating those patterns to issues of class, race, gender and sexuality, and placing them in larger contexts of nationalisms, colonialism, religion, citizenship and migration. You do so by preparing in-class discussions, and through a presentation, taking into account media and academic sources on the topic of the week. Moreover, you write a paper.

At the end of the BA-programme, students have to prove that they are capable of working with the concepts, theories and methodologies taught in the past three years by writing a bachelor thesis. Supervised and encouraged by one of our staff members, students think of a challenging and valuable research question, draft a thesis plan, conduct their qualitative and/or quantitative research, analyse the results and write a bachelor thesis. They are invited to do comparative research of different minority groups and to focus on a (socio)linguistic, historical or anthropological perspective.